"Spending It All" is Not an Estate Plan

Last Saturday there was an interesting article in the New York Times about how increasing costs and other factors may reduce the potential inheritances of heirs. The article talks about how increased life expectancy, changes in social security and medicare laws, the decline of pensions, increases in health care costs, divorce, declining home equity, lifetime transfers of wealth, and other factors will deplete most estates, leaving little or nothing for the children.

One of the biggest obstacles I come across as an estate planner is "I don't need an estate plan. I plan on spending it all." This is a close cousin to the ever-popular "I don't have anything. Why do I need a will?"

My mantra about estate planning is "Control, Control, Control." The most important thing that an estate plan gives you is control. Control not only over who gets your money when you die, but over who makes decisions about your health care and personal care if you are incapacitated, who administers your estate when you die, who will take care of your children if they are under 18 and you are unable to take care of them, and on and on. Most of the control you get over your estate plan has little or nothing to do with how much money you have.

The problem with the "I intend to spend it all" philosophy is that presupposes that you know exactly when you will die, and have planned your spending accordingly. Most people don't know exactly when they are going to die. This goes for healthy young people as well as the terminally ill. I have talked to people who were told they had six months to live - 10 years ago. People on death row don't even know exactly when they are going to die. They just know, like everyone else, that it's going to happen some day. It has happened where death row inmates have died from natural causes while awaiting execution (just type "death from natural causes while on death row" into Google). It is because of this uncertainty that you should have an estate plan in the first place.

The concerns in Ron Lieber's column are real. Many people don't have a ton of money, and assuming they live long enough, we can only hope that they have enough to meet their needs as they get older. But don't construe this as a reason for not needing a living trust, durable power of attorney for personal care, or advance health care directive, among other things. The fact is that, if you live long enough, and are no longer able to take care of yourself, you will need someone to make the decisions relating to the concern in Mr. Lieber's article. A complete estate plan gives you control over your estate and affairs. That control is not dependent on how much money you have to give away (or even if you have any money to give away).